Implement Matrix4x4::Scale

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -61,7 +61,9 @@ add_library(J3ML SHARED ${J3ML_SRC}
         include/J3ML/Algorithm/RNG.h
         src/J3ML/Algorithm/RNG.cpp
         include/J3ML/Algorithm/Spring.h
-        include/J3ML/Algorithm/DifferentialSolvers.h)
+        include/J3ML/Algorithm/DifferentialSolvers.h
+        include/J3ML/Units.h
+        src/J3ML/J3ML.cpp)
 set_target_properties(J3ML PROPERTIES LINKER_LANGUAGE CXX)
 
 install(TARGETS ${PROJECT_NAME} DESTINATION lib/${PROJECT_NAME})

include/J3ML/Algorithm/DifferentialSolvers.h

@@ -15,6 +15,12 @@ namespace J3ML::Algorithm
             return (x + y + x*y);
         }
 
+        // Accelleration = Velocity / Time
+        // Velocity = Position / Time
+        // Position = Vector3
+
+        //
+
         float euler(float x0, float y, float h, float x)
         {
             float temp = -0.f;

include/J3ML/Geometry/AABB.h

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 #include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Vector3.h>
 
-#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra.h>
+#include "J3ML/LinearAlgebra.h"
 #include <J3ML/Geometry.h>
 
 #include <J3ML/Geometry/Plane.h>

include/J3ML/Geometry/Plane.h

@@ -13,6 +13,5 @@ namespace J3ML::Geometry
         Vector3 Position;
         Vector3 Normal;
         float distance = 0.f;
-
     };
 }

include/J3ML/Geometry/Sphere.h

@@ -1,15 +1,70 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include "J3ML/Geometry.h"
+#include <J3ML/Geometry.h>
+#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Matrix3x3.h>
+#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Matrix4x4.h>
+#include <J3ML/Geometry/LineSegment.h>
+#include <J3ML/Geometry/TriangleMesh.h>
 
 namespace J3ML::Geometry
 {
+    using J3ML::LinearAlgebra::Matrix3x3;
+    using J3ML::LinearAlgebra::Matrix4x4;
+
+    // A mathematical representation of a 3-dimensional sphere
     class Sphere
     {
     public:
-        Sphere(const Vector3& pos, float radius)
+        Vector3 Position;
+        float Radius;
+        Sphere() {}
+        Sphere(const Vector3& pos, float radius) : Position(pos), Radius(radius) {}
+        void Translate(const Vector3& offset)
+        {
+            Position = Position + offset;
+        }
+        void Transform(const Matrix3x3& transform)
+        {
+            Position = transform * Position;
+        }
+        void Transform(const Matrix4x4& transform)
+        {
+            Position = transform * Position;
+        }
+        inline float Cube(float inp) const
+        {
+            return inp*inp*inp;
+        }
+        float Volume() const
+        {
+            return 4.f * M_PI * Cube(Radius) / 3.f;
+        }
+        float SurfaceArea() const
+        {
+            return 4.f * M_PI * Cube(Radius) / 3.f;
+        }
+        bool IsFinite() const
+        {
+            return Position.IsFinite() && std::isfinite(Radius);
+        }
+        bool IsDegenerate()
+        {
+            return !(Radius > 0.f) || !Position.IsFinite();
+        }
+        bool Contains(const Vector3& point) const
+        {
+            return Position.DistanceSquared(point) <= Radius*Radius;
+        }
+        bool Contains(const Vector3& point, float epsilon) const
+        {
+            return Position.DistanceSquared(point) <= Radius*Radius + epsilon;
+        }
+        bool Contains(const LineSegment& lineseg)  const
         {
 
         }
+        TriangleMesh GenerateUVSphere() const {}
+        TriangleMesh GenerateIcososphere() const {}
+
     };
 }

include/J3ML/J3ML.h

@@ -1,17 +1,241 @@
+#pragma once
+
+
+
 //
 // Created by josh on 12/25/2023.
 //
 #include <cstdint>
+#include <cmath>
+#include <stdfloat>
+#include <string>
+#include <cassert>
 
-namespace J3ML
+namespace J3ML::SizedIntegralTypes
 {
     using u8 = uint8_t;
     using u16 = uint16_t;
     using u32 = uint32_t;
     using u64 = uint64_t;
+    using u128 = __uint128_t;
 
     using s8 = int8_t;
     using s16 = int16_t;
     using s32 = int32_t;
     using s64 = int64_t;
+    using s128 = __int128_t;
+}
+
+
+
+namespace J3ML::SizedFloatTypes
+{
+    using f32 = float;
+    using f64 = double;
+    using f128 = long double;
+
+}
+
+using namespace J3ML::SizedIntegralTypes;
+using namespace J3ML::SizedFloatTypes;
+
+namespace J3ML::Math
+{
+
+
+    // Coming soon: Units Namespace
+    // For Dimensional Analysis
+    /*
+    namespace Units
+    {
+
+        struct Unit {};
+
+        struct Meters : public Unit { };
+        struct ImperialInches : public Unit {};
+        struct Time : public Unit {};
+        struct Grams : public Unit {};
+
+
+        struct MetersPerSecond : public Unit {};
+
+
+        template <typename TUnit>
+        struct Quantity
+        {
+        public:
+
+            float Value;
+        };
+
+        struct Mass : public Quantity<Grams> {};
+        struct Length : public Quantity<Meters> { };
+
+        struct Velocity : public Quantity<MetersPerSecond>{ };
+
+        class MetrixPrefix
+        {
+        public:
+            std::string Prefix;
+            std::string Symbol;
+            int Power;
+            float InverseMultiply(float input) const
+            {
+                return std::pow(input, -Power);
+            }
+            float Multiply(float input) const
+            {
+                return std::pow(input, Power);
+            }
+
+        };
+        namespace Prefixes
+        {
+            static constexpr MetrixPrefix Tera {"tera", "T", 12};
+            static constexpr MetrixPrefix Giga {"giga", "G", 9};
+            static constexpr MetrixPrefix Mega {"mega", "M", 6};
+            static constexpr MetrixPrefix Kilo {"kilo", "k", 3};
+            static constexpr MetrixPrefix Hecto {"hecto", "h", 2};
+            static constexpr MetrixPrefix Deca {"deca", "da", 1};
+            static constexpr MetrixPrefix None {"", "", 0};
+            static constexpr MetrixPrefix Deci {"", "", 0};
+            static constexpr MetrixPrefix Centi {"", "", 0};
+            static constexpr MetrixPrefix Milli {"", "", 0};
+            static constexpr MetrixPrefix Micro {"", "", 0};
+            static constexpr MetrixPrefix Nano {"", "", 0};
+            static constexpr MetrixPrefix Pico {"", "", 0};
+        }
+
+        Length operator ""_meters(long double value)
+        {
+            return {(float)value};
+        }
+        Length operator ""_m(long double value)
+        {
+            return {(float)value};
+        }
+        constexpr Length operator ""_kilometers(long double value)
+        {
+            return Length {(float)value};
+        }
+        Length operator ""_km(long double value)
+        {
+            return {(float)value};
+        }
+        Length operator ""_centimeters(long double value)
+        {
+            return {(float)value};
+        }
+        Length operator ""_cm(long double value)
+        {
+            return {(float)value};
+        }
+
+        Length operator ""_millimeters(long double value)
+        {
+            return {(float)value};
+        }
+        Length operator ""_mm(long double value)
+        {
+            return {(float)value};
+        }
+
+        Velocity operator ""_mps(long double value)
+        {
+            return {(float)value};
+        }
+
+        Velocity operator ""_meters_per_second(long double value)
+        {
+            return {(float)value};
+        }
+
+        Velocity operator ""_kmps(long double value)
+        {
+            return {(float)value};
+        }
+    }*/
+
+
+#pragma region Constants
+    static const float Pi           = 3.1415926535897932384626433832795028841971693993751058209749445923078164062862089986280348253421170679f;
+    static const float RecipSqrt2Pi = 0.3989422804014326779399460599343818684758586311649346576659258296706579258993018385012523339073069364f;
+    static const float GoldenRatio  = 1.6180339887498948482045868343656381177203091798057628621354486227052604628189024497072072041893911375f;
+#pragma endregion
+
+#pragma region Math Functions
+
+    inline float Radians(float degrees);
+    inline float Degrees(float radians);
+
+
+    struct NumberRange
+    {
+        float LowerBound;
+        float UpperBound;
+    };
+
+
+    float NormalizeToRange(float input, float fromLower, float fromUpper, float toLower, float toUpper);
+    float NormalizeToRange(float input, const NumberRange& from, const NumberRange& to);
+    // auto rotation_normalized = NormalizeToRange(inp, {0, 360}, {-1, 1});
+
+    inline float Lerp(float a, float b, float t);
+    /// Linearly interpolates from a to b, under the modulus mod.
+    /// This function takes evaluates a and b in the range [0, mod] and takes the shorter path to reach from a to b.
+    inline float LerpMod(float a, float b, float mod, float t);
+    /// Computes the lerp factor a and b have to be Lerp()ed to get x.
+    inline float InverseLerp(float a, float b, float x);
+    /// See http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb509665(v=VS.85).aspx
+    inline float Step(float y, float x);
+    /// See http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb509658(v=vs.85).aspx
+    inline float Ramp(float min, float max, float x);
+
+    inline float PingPongMod(float x, float mod);
+
+    inline float Sqrt(float x);
+    inline float FastSqrt(float x);
+    /// Returns 1/Sqrt(x). (The reciprocal of the square root of x)
+    inline float RSqrt(float x);
+
+    inline float FastRSqrt(float x);
+
+
+#pragma endregion
+
+
+    namespace BitTwiddling
+    {
+        /// Parses a string of form "011101010" to a u32
+        u32 BinaryStringToValue(const char* s);
+
+        /// Returns the number of 1's set in the given value.
+        inline int CountBitsSet(u32 value);
+    }
+
+    namespace Interp
+    {
+        inline float SmoothStart(float t);
+    }
+
+    struct Rotation
+    {
+    public:
+        Rotation();
+        Rotation(float value);
+        float valueInRadians;
+        float ValueInRadians() const;
+        float ValueInDegrees() const;
+        Rotation operator+(const Rotation& rhs);
+    };
+
+
+    Rotation operator ""_rad(long double rads);
+
+    Rotation operator ""_radians(long double rads);
+
+    Rotation operator ""_deg(long double rads);
+
+    Rotation operator ""_degrees(long double rads);
+
 }

include/J3ML/LinearAlgebra.h

@@ -1,76 +1,30 @@
+//// Dawsh Linear Algebra Library - Everything you need for 3D math
+/// @file LinearAlgebra.h
+/// @description Includes all LinearAlgebra classes and functions
+/// @author Josh O'Leary, William Tomasine II
+/// @copyright 2024 Redacted Software
+/// @license Unlicense - Public Domain
+/// @revision 1.3
+/// @edited 2024-02-26
+
 #pragma once
-#include <cstdint>
-#include <cmath>
-#include <cstdlib>
-#include <algorithm>
-#include <functional>
-
-
-namespace J3ML::Math
-{
-    const float Pi = M_PI;
-    inline float Radians(float degrees) { return degrees * (Pi/180.f); }
-    inline float Degrees(float radians) { return radians * (180.f/Pi); }
-
-
-    struct NumberRange
-    {
-        float LowerBound;
-        float UpperBound;
-    };
-
-
-    float NormalizeToRange(float input, float fromLower, float fromUpper, float toLower, float toUpper);
-    float NormalizeToRange(float input, const NumberRange& from, const NumberRange& to);
-    // auto rotation_normalized = NormalizeToRange(inp, {0, 360}, {-1, 1});
-    inline float Lerp(float a, float b, float t);
-
-}
-
-
-// Dawsh Linear Algebra Library - Everything you need for 3D math
-namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra {
-    class Vector2; // A type representing a position in a 2-dimensional coordinate space.
-    class Vector3; // A type representing a position in a 3-dimensional coordinate space.
-    class Vector4; // A type representing a position in a 4-dimensional coordinate space.
-    class Angle2D; // Uses x,y components to represent a 2D rotation.
-    class EulerAngle; // Uses pitch,yaw,roll components to represent a 3D orientation.
-    class AxisAngle; //
-    class CoordinateFrame; //
-    class Matrix2x2;
-    class Matrix3x3;
-    class Matrix4x4;
-    class Transform2D;
-    class Transform3D;
-    class Quaternion;
-
-
-    using Position = Vector3;
-}
 
 // TODO: Enforce Style Consistency (Function Names use MicroSoft Case)
-
-// Note: Josh Linear Algebra Types are designed as Immutable Data Types
-// x, y, z, w, etc. values should not and can not be set directly.
-// rather, you just construct a new type and assign it.
-// This might sound ass-backwards for many object types.
-// But mathematically, a vector or matrix is defined by it's size, and values.
-// Changing the value of one axis fundamentally changes the definition of the vector/matrix.
-// So we enforce this conceptually at code level...
-// If you're wondering how it remains performant, it only heap-allocates a tiny space (4*n bytes for vectors) (4*n*m bytes for matrices)
-// Just Trust Me Bro - Josjh
-#define MUTABLE true // Toggle This For: Ugly math, ugly code, and an ugly genital infection!
-
-#if MUTABLE
-#define IMMUTABLE !MUTABLE
-#endif
-
-namespace LinearAlgebra
-{
+// TODO: Implement Templated Linear Algebra
 
 
+// Library Code //
 
+#include "J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Vector2.h"
+#include "J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Vector3.h"
+#include "J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Vector4.h"
+#include "J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Quaternion.h"
+#include "J3ML/LinearAlgebra/AxisAngle.h"
+#include "J3ML/LinearAlgebra/EulerAngle.h"
+#include "J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Matrix2x2.h"
+#include "J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Matrix3x3.h"
+#include "J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Matrix4x4.h"
+#include "J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Transform2D.h"
+#include "J3ML/LinearAlgebra/CoordinateFrame.h"
 
-
-
-}
+using namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra;

include/J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Angle2D.h

@@ -1,14 +1,22 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra.h>
 
 namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra {
+
     class Angle2D {
     public:
         float x;
         float y;
+        Angle2D(Math::Rotation rads);
+        Angle2D(float X, float Y)
+        {
+            x = X;
+            y = Y;
+        }
+
         bool operator==(const Angle2D& rhs) const {
             return (this->x==rhs.x && this->y==rhs.y);
         }
     };
+
 }

include/J3ML/LinearAlgebra/AxisAngle.h

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra.h>
+#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/EulerAngle.h>
+#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Quaternion.h>
+#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/AxisAngle.h>
 #include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Vector3.h>
 
 namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra

include/J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Common.h

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#pragma once
+
+// Forward Declarations for classes that include each other
+namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra
+{
+    class Vector2; // A type representing a position in a 2-dimensional coordinate space.
+    class Vector3; // A type representing a position in a 3-dimensional coordinate space.
+    class Vector4; // A type representing a position in a 4-dimensional coordinate space.
+    class Angle2D; // Uses x,y components to represent a 2D rotation.
+    class EulerAngle; // Uses pitch,yaw,roll components to represent a 3D orientation.
+    class AxisAngle; //
+    class CoordinateFrame; //
+    class Matrix2x2;
+    class Matrix3x3;
+    class Matrix4x4;
+    class Transform2D;
+    class Transform3D;
+    class Quaternion;
+
+
+    using Position = Vector3;
+}
+
+// Methods required by LinearAlgebra types
+namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra
+{
+
+}

include/J3ML/LinearAlgebra/CoordinateFrame.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra.h>
+
 #include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Vector3.h>
 
 namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra

include/J3ML/LinearAlgebra/EulerAngle.h

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 #pragma once
-#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra.h>
+
 #include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Vector3.h>
+#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Quaternion.h>
+#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/AxisAngle.h>
 
 namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra {
 
+    class AxisAngle;
+
 // Essential Reading:
 // http://www.essentialmath.com/GDC2012/GDC2012_JMV_Rotations.pdf
 class EulerAngle {

include/J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Matrix2x2.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra.h>
+
 #include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Vector2.h>
 
 namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra {

include/J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Matrix3x3.h

@@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra.h>
+
 #include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Vector2.h>
 #include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Vector3.h>
 #include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Quaternion.h>
 
 namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra {
+
+
+    class Quaternion;
+
     /// A 3-by-3 matrix for linear transformations of 3D geometry.
     /* This can represent any kind of linear transformations of 3D geometry, which include
      * rotation, scale, shear, mirroring, and orthographic projection.

include/J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Matrix4x4.h

@@ -1,8 +1,14 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra.h>
+#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Common.h>
+
+#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Matrix3x3.h>
 #include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Quaternion.h>
 
+
+#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Vector4.h>
+#include <algorithm>
+
 namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra {
 
     /// A 4-by-4 matrix for affine transformations and perspective projections of 3D geometry.
@@ -122,6 +128,7 @@ namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra {
         {
 
         }
+        Matrix4x4 Scale(const Vector3&);
 
         float &At(int row, int col);
         float At(int x, int y) const;
@@ -209,10 +216,10 @@ namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra {
         static Matrix4x4 D3DPerspProjLH(float nearPlane, float farPlane, float hViewportSize, float vViewportSize);
         static Matrix4x4 D3DPerspProjRH(float nearPlane, float farPlane, float hViewportSize, float vViewportSize);
 
-        static Matrix4x4 OpenGLOrthoProjLH(float nearPlane, float farPlane, float hViewportSize, float vViewportSize);
-        static Matrix4x4 OpenGLOrthoProjRH(float nearPlane, float farPlane, float hViewportSize, float vViewportSize);
-        static Matrix4x4 OpenGLPerspProjLH(float nearPlane, float farPlane, float hViewportSize, float vViewportSize);
-        static Matrix4x4 OpenGLPerspProjRH(float nearPlane, float farPlane, float hViewportSize, float vViewportSize);
+        static Matrix4x4 OpenGLOrthoProjLH(float n, float f, float h, float v);
+        static Matrix4x4 OpenGLOrthoProjRH(float n, float f, float h, float v);
+        static Matrix4x4 OpenGLPerspProjLH(float n, float f, float h, float v);
+        static Matrix4x4 OpenGLPerspProjRH(float n, float f, float h, float v);
 
         Vector4 operator[](int row);
 

include/J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Quaternion.h

@@ -1,13 +1,22 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra.h>
 
+
+
+#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Matrix3x3.h>
+#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Matrix4x4.h>
 #include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Vector4.h>
 #include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/AxisAngle.h>
-#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Matrix3x3.h>
+//#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/AxisAngle.h>
+#include <cmath>
+
+
 
 namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra
 {
+
+    class Matrix3x3;
+
     class Quaternion : public Vector4 {
     public:
         Quaternion();
@@ -23,13 +32,9 @@ namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra
 
         // Constructs this quaternion by specifying a rotation axis and the amount of rotation to be performed about that axis
         // @param rotationAxis The normalized rotation axis to rotate about. If using Vector4 version of the constructor, the w component of this vector must be 0.
-        Quaternion(const Vector3 &rotationAxis, float rotationAngleBetween) {
-            SetFromAxisAngle(rotationAxis, rotationAngleBetween);
-        }
+        Quaternion(const Vector3 &rotationAxis, float rotationAngleBetween);
 
-        Quaternion(const Vector4 &rotationAxis, float rotationAngleBetween) {
-            SetFromAxisAngle(rotationAxis, rotationAngleBetween);
-        }
+        Quaternion(const Vector4 &rotationAxis, float rotationAngleBetween);
         //void Inverse();
 
         explicit Quaternion(Vector4 vector4);
@@ -49,15 +54,9 @@ namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra
 
         Vector3 GetWorldZ() const;
 
-        Vector3 GetAxis() const {
-            float rcpSinAngle = 1 - (std::sqrt(1 - w * w));
+        Vector3 GetAxis() const;
 
-            return Vector3(x, y, z) * rcpSinAngle;
-        }
-
-        float GetAngle() const {
-            return std::acos(w) * 2.f;
-        }
+        float GetAngle() const;
 
 
         Matrix3x3 ToMatrix3x3() const;
@@ -102,7 +101,7 @@ namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra
         Quaternion operator - () const;
         float Dot(const Quaternion &quaternion) const;
 
-        float Angle() const { return std::acos(w) * 2.f;}
+        float Angle() const { return acos(w) * 2.f;}
 
         float AngleBetween(const Quaternion& target) const;
 

include/J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Transform2D.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra.h>
+
 #include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Matrix3x3.h>
 
 namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra {

include/J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Vector2.h

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma ide diagnostic ignored "modernize-use-nodiscard"
 #pragma once
 #include <J3ML/J3ML.h>
-#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra.h>
 #include <cstddef>
 
 namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra {
@@ -9,11 +10,17 @@ namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra {
     /// A 2D (x, y) ordered pair.
     class Vector2 {
     public:
+
+        enum {Dimensions = 2};
+
         /// Default Constructor - Initializes values to zero
         Vector2();
         /// Constructs a new Vector2 with the value (X, Y)
         Vector2(float X, float Y);
-        Vector2(float* xyPtr);
+        /// Constructs this float2 from a C array, to the value (data[0], data[1]).
+        explicit Vector2(const float* data);
+        // Constructs a new Vector2 with the value {scalar, scalar}
+        explicit Vector2(float scalar);
         Vector2(const Vector2& rhs);   // Copy Constructor
         //Vector2(Vector2&&) = default;   // Move Constructor
 
@@ -29,10 +36,26 @@ namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra {
         void SetX(float newX);
         void SetY(float newY);
 
-        float* ptr()
-        {
-            return &x;
-        }
+        /// Casts this float2 to a C array.
+        /** This function does not allocate new memory or make a copy of this float2. This function simply
+		returns a C pointer view to this data structure. Use ptr()[0] to access the x component of this float2
+		and ptr()[1] to access the y component.
+		@note Since the returned pointer points to this class, do not dereference the pointer after this
+			float2 has been deleted. You should never store a copy of the returned pointer.
+		@note This function is provided for compatibility with other APIs which require raw C pointer access
+			to vectors. Avoid using this function in general, and instead always use the operator []
+			or the At() function to access the elements of this vector by index.
+		@return A pointer to the first float element of this class. The data is contiguous in memory.
+		@see operator [](), At(). */
+        float* ptr();
+        const float *ptr() const;
+
+        float operator[](std::size_t index) const;
+        float &operator[](std::size_t index);
+
+        const float At(std::size_t index) const;
+
+        float &At(std::size_t index);
 
         Vector2 Abs() const;
 
@@ -42,8 +65,7 @@ namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra {
         bool IsZero(float epsilonSq = 1e-6f) const;
         bool IsPerpendicular(const Vector2& other, float epsilonSq=1e-5f) const;
 
-        float operator[](std::size_t index) const;
-        float &operator[](std::size_t index);
+
         bool operator == (const Vector2& rhs) const;
         bool operator != (const Vector2& rhs) const;
 
@@ -145,8 +167,9 @@ namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra {
         Vector2 operator +() const; // TODO: Implement
         Vector2 operator -() const;
         /// Assigns a vector to another
-        Vector2& operator+=(const Vector2& rhs); // Adds a vector to this vector, in-place.
-        Vector2& operator-=(const Vector2& rhs); // Subtracts a vector from this vector, in-place
+        Vector2 &operator =(const Vector2 &rhs);
+        Vector2& operator+=(const Vector2& rhs);
+        Vector2& operator-=(const Vector2& rhs);
         Vector2& operator*=(float scalar);
         Vector2& operator/=(float scalar);
 
@@ -160,4 +183,5 @@ namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra {
     {
         return rhs * lhs;
     }
-}
+}
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop

include/J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Vector3.h

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
+#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Vector2.h>
 #include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Vector3.h>
 #include <cstddef>
 #include <cstdlib>
@@ -12,6 +13,8 @@ namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra {
 class Vector3 {
 public:
 
+    enum {Dimensions = 3};
+
     // Default Constructor - Initializes to zero
     Vector3();
     // Constructs a new Vector3 with the value (X, Y, Z)
@@ -19,7 +22,7 @@ public:
     Vector3(const Vector3& rhs); // Copy Constructor
     Vector3(Vector3&&) = default; // Move Constructor
     Vector3& operator=(const Vector3& rhs);
-
+    explicit Vector3(const float* data);
 
     static const Vector3 Zero;
     static const Vector3 Up;
@@ -32,17 +35,9 @@ public:
     static const Vector3 Infinity;
     static const Vector3 NegativeInfinity;
 
-    float* ptr()
-    {
-        return &x;
-    }
+    float* ptr();
 
-    static void Orthonormalize(Vector3& a, Vector3& b)
-    {
-        a = a.Normalize();
-        b = b - b.ProjectToNorm(a);
-        b = b.Normalize();
-    }
+    static void Orthonormalize(Vector3& a, Vector3& b);
 
     Vector3 Abs() const;
 
@@ -51,25 +46,14 @@ public:
     static Vector3 Direction(const Vector3 &rhs) ;
 
 
-    static void Orthonormalize(Vector3& a, Vector3& b, Vector3& c)
-    {
-        a = a.Normalize();
-        b = b - b.ProjectToNorm(a);
-        b = b.Normalize();
-        c = c - c.ProjectToNorm(a);
-        c = c - c.ProjectToNorm(b);
-        c = c.Normalize();
-    }
+    static void Orthonormalize(Vector3& a, Vector3& b, Vector3& c);
 
     bool AreOrthonormal(const Vector3& a, const Vector3& b, float epsilon)
     {
 
     }
 
-    Vector3 ProjectToNorm(const Vector3& direction)
-    {
-        return direction * this->Dot(direction);
-    }
+    Vector3 ProjectToNorm(const Vector3& direction) const;
 
     float GetX() const;
     float GetY() const;
@@ -88,10 +72,7 @@ public:
     bool operator == (const Vector3& rhs) const;
     bool operator != (const Vector3& rhs) const;
 
-    bool IsFinite() const
-    {
-        return std::isfinite(x) && std::isfinite(y) && std::isfinite(z);
-    }
+    bool IsFinite() const;
 
     Vector3 Min(const Vector3& min) const;
     static Vector3 Min(const Vector3& lhs, const Vector3& rhs);
@@ -106,6 +87,9 @@ public:
     float Distance(const Vector3& to) const;
     static float Distance(const Vector3& from, const Vector3& to);
 
+    float DistanceSquared(const Vector3& to) const;
+    static float DistanceSquared(const Vector3& from, const Vector3& to);
+
     float Length() const;
     static float Length(const Vector3& of);
 

include/J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Vector4.h

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra.h>
+
+#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Vector3.h>
 
 namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra {
     class Vector4 {

include/J3ML/Units.h

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#pragma once
+
+namespace J3ML::Units
+{
+
+    template <typename T>
+    class Rotation
+    {
+        T GetDegrees() const;
+        T GetRadians() const;
+        void SetDegrees(T val);
+        void SetRadians(T val);
+
+    };
+
+    using Rotationf = Rotation<float>;
+    using Rotationd = Rotation<double>;
+
+}

src/J3ML/Algorithm/RNG.cpp

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 
 namespace J3ML::Algorithm {
-    void RNG::Seed(J3ML::u32 seed, J3ML::u32 multiplier, J3ML::u32 increment, J3ML::u32 modulus) {
+    void RNG::Seed(u32 seed, u32 multiplier, u32 increment, u32 modulus) {
         // If we have a pure multiplicative RNG, then can't have 0 starting seed, since that would generate a stream of all zeroes
         if (seed == 0 && increment == 0) seed = 1;
 

src/J3ML/Geometry/Frustum.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include <J3ML/Geometry/Frustum.h>
+#include <cmath>
 
 namespace J3ML::Geometry
 {

src/J3ML/Geometry/Sphere.cpp

@@ -1 +1,6 @@
-#include <J3ML/Geometry/Sphere.h>
+#include <J3ML/Geometry/Sphere.h>
+
+namespace J3ML::Geometry
+{
+
+}

src/J3ML/J3ML.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#include <J3ML/J3ML.h>
+
+
+namespace J3ML
+{
+
+    Math::Rotation Math::operator ""_degrees(long double rads) { return {Radians((float)rads)}; }
+
+    Math::Rotation Math::operator ""_deg(long double rads) { return {Radians((float)rads)}; }
+
+    Math::Rotation Math::operator ""_radians(long double rads) { return {(float)rads}; }
+
+    Math::Rotation Math::operator ""_rad(long double rads) { return {(float)rads}; }
+
+    float Math::FastRSqrt(float x) {
+        return 1.f / FastSqrt(x);
+    }
+
+    float Math::RSqrt(float x) {
+        return 1.f / Sqrt(x);
+    }
+
+    float Math::Radians(float degrees) { return degrees * (Pi/180.f); }
+
+    float Math::Degrees(float radians) { return radians * (180.f/Pi); }
+
+    Math::Rotation::Rotation() : valueInRadians(0) {}
+
+    Math::Rotation::Rotation(float value) : valueInRadians(value) {}
+
+    Math::Rotation Math::Rotation::operator+(const Math::Rotation &rhs) {
+        valueInRadians += rhs.valueInRadians;
+    }
+
+    float Math::Interp::SmoothStart(float t) {
+        assert(t >= 0.f && t <= 1.f);
+        return t*t;
+    }
+
+    int Math::BitTwiddling::CountBitsSet(u32 value) {
+
+    }
+}

src/J3ML/LinearAlgebra.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#include <J3ML/LinearAlgebra.h>
+#include "J3ML/LinearAlgebra.h"
 #include <cassert>
 
 namespace LinearAlgebra {

src/J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Matrix4x4.cpp

@@ -420,6 +420,16 @@ namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra {
         return GetColumn3(3);
     }
 
+    Matrix4x4 Matrix4x4::Scale(const Vector3& scale)
+    {
+        auto mat = *this;
+
+        mat.At(3, 0) *= scale.x;
+        mat.At(3, 1) *= scale.y;
+        mat.At(3, 2) *= scale.z;
+        return mat;
+    }
+
     Matrix4x4
     Matrix4x4::LookAt(const Vector3 &localFwd, const Vector3 &targetDir, const Vector3 &localUp, const Vector3 &worldUp) {
         Matrix4x4 m;
@@ -514,4 +524,50 @@ namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra {
         At(row, 2) *= scalar;
         At(row, 3) *= scalar;
     }
+
+    Matrix4x4 Matrix4x4::OpenGLOrthoProjLH(float n, float f, float h, float v) {
+        /// Same as OpenGLOrthoProjRH, except that the camera looks towards +Z in view space, instead of -Z.
+        using f32 = float;
+        f32 p00 = 2.f / h; f32 p01 = 0;           f32 p02 = 0;       float p03 = 0.f;
+        f32 p10 = 0;       f32 p11 = 2.f / v; f32 p12 = 0;           float p13 = 0.f;
+        f32 p20 = 0;       f32 p21 = 0;       f32 p22 = 2.f / (f-n); float p23 = (f+n) / (n-f);
+        f32 p30 = 0;       f32 p31 = 0;       f32 p32 = 0;           float p33 = 1.f;
+
+        return {p00, p01, p02, p03, p10, p11, p12, p13, p20, p21, p22, p23, p30, p31, p32, p33};
+
+    }
+
+    Matrix4x4 Matrix4x4::OpenGLOrthoProjRH(float n, float f, float h, float v) {
+        using f32 = float;
+        f32 p00 = 2.f / h; f32 p01 = 0;       f32 p02 = 0;           f32 p03 = 0.f;
+        f32 p10 = 0;       f32 p11 = 2.f / v; f32 p12 = 0;           f32 p13 = 0.f;
+        f32 p20 = 0;       f32 p21 = 0;       f32 p22 = 2.f / (n-f); f32 p23 = (f+n) / (n-f);
+        f32 p30 = 0;       f32 p31 = 0;       f32 p32 = 0;           f32 p33 = 1.f;
+
+        return {p00, p01, p02, p03, p10, p11, p12, p13, p20, p21, p22, p23, p30, p31, p32, p33};
+    }
+
+    Matrix4x4 Matrix4x4::OpenGLPerspProjLH(float n, float f, float h, float v) {
+        // Same as OpenGLPerspProjRH, except that the camera looks towards +Z in view space, instead of -Z.
+        using f32 = float;
+        f32 p00 = 2.f *n / h;  f32 p01 = 0;           f32 p02 = 0;              f32 p03 = 0.f;
+        f32 p10 = 0;           f32 p11 = 2.f * n / v; f32 p12 = 0;              f32 p13 = 0.f;
+        f32 p20 = 0;           f32 p21 = 0;           f32 p22 = (n+f) / (f-n);  f32 p23 = 2.f*n*f / (n-f);
+        f32 p30 = 0;           f32 p31 = 0;           f32 p32 = 1.f;            f32 p33 = 0.f;
+
+        return {p00, p01, p02, p03, p10, p11, p12, p13, p20, p21, p22, p23, p30, p31, p32, p33};
+    }
+
+    Matrix4x4 Matrix4x4::OpenGLPerspProjRH(float n, float f, float h, float v) {
+        // In OpenGL, the post-perspective unit cube ranges in [-1, 1] in all X, Y and Z directions.
+        // See http://www.songho.ca/opengl/gl_projectionmatrix.html , unlike in Direct3D, where the
+        // Z coordinate ranges in [0, 1]. This is the only difference between D3DPerspProjRH and OpenGLPerspProjRH.
+        using f32 = float;
+        float p00 = 2.f *n / h;  float p01 = 0;           float p02 = 0;              float p03 = 0.f;
+        float p10 = 0;           float p11 = 2.f * n / v; float p12 = 0;              float p13 = 0.f;
+        float p20 = 0;           float p21 = 0;           float p22 = (n+f) / (n-f);  float p23 = 2.f*n*f / (n-f);
+        float p30 = 0;           float p31 = 0;           float p32 = -1.f;           float p33 = 0.f;
+
+        return {p00, p01, p02, p03, p10, p11, p12, p13, p20, p21, p22, p23, p30, p31, p32, p33};
+    }
 }

src/J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Quaternion.cpp

@@ -47,7 +47,18 @@ namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra {
 
     void Quaternion::SetFromAxisAngle(const Vector3 &axis, float angle) {
         float sinz, cosz;
+        sinz = std::sin(angle*0.5f);
+        cosz = std::cos(angle*0.5f);
 
+        x = axis.x * sinz;
+        y = axis.y * sinz;
+        z = axis.z * sinz;
+        w = cosz;
+    }
+
+    void Quaternion::SetFromAxisAngle(const Vector4 &axis, float angle)
+    {
+        SetFromAxisAngle(Vector3(axis.x, axis.y, axis.z), angle);
     }
 
     Quaternion Quaternion::operator*(float scalar) const {
@@ -172,4 +183,22 @@ namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra {
     Matrix4x4 Quaternion::ToMatrix4x4(const Vector3 &translation) const {
         return {*this, translation};
     }
+
+    float Quaternion::GetAngle() const {
+        return std::acos(w) * 2.f;
+    }
+
+    Vector3 Quaternion::GetAxis() const {
+        float rcpSinAngle = 1 - (std::sqrt(1 - w * w));
+
+        return Vector3(x, y, z) * rcpSinAngle;
+    }
+
+    Quaternion::Quaternion(const Vector3 &rotationAxis, float rotationAngleBetween) {
+        SetFromAxisAngle(rotationAxis, rotationAngleBetween);
+    }
+
+    Quaternion::Quaternion(const Vector4 &rotationAxis, float rotationAngleBetween) {
+        SetFromAxisAngle(rotationAxis, rotationAngleBetween);
+    }
 }

src/J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Vector2.cpp

@@ -17,17 +17,12 @@ namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra {
 
     float Vector2::operator[](std::size_t index) const
     {
-        assert(index < 2);
-        if (index == 0) return x;
-        if (index == 1) return y;
-        return 0;
+        return At(index);
     }
 
     float &Vector2::operator[](std::size_t index)
     {
-        assert(index < 2);
-        if (index == 0) return x;
-        if (index == 1) return y;
+        return At(index);
     }
 
     bool Vector2::IsWithinMarginOfError(const Vector2& rhs, float margin) const
@@ -263,4 +258,70 @@ namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra {
     }
 
     Vector2 Vector2::Abs() const { return {std::abs(x), std::abs(y)};}
+
+    float *Vector2::ptr() {
+        return &x;
+    }
+
+    const float *Vector2::ptr() const { return &x;}
+
+    const float Vector2::At(std::size_t index) const {
+        assert(index >= 0);
+        assert(index < Dimensions);
+        return ptr()[index];
+    }
+
+    float &Vector2::At(std::size_t index) {
+        assert(index >= 0);
+        assert(index < Dimensions);
+        return ptr()[index];
+    }
+
+    Vector2 &Vector2::operator/=(float scalar) {
+        x /= scalar;
+        y /= scalar;
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    Vector2 &Vector2::operator*=(float scalar) {
+        x *= scalar;
+        y *= scalar;
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    Vector2 &Vector2::operator-=(const Vector2 &rhs) // Subtracts a vector from this vector, in-place
+    {
+        x -= rhs.x;
+        y -= rhs.y;
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    Vector2 &Vector2::operator+=(const Vector2 &rhs) // Adds a vector to this vector, in-place.
+    {
+        x += rhs.x;
+        y += rhs.y;
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    Vector2 &Vector2::operator=(const Vector2 &rhs) {
+        x = rhs.x;
+        y = rhs.y;
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    Vector2::Vector2(const float *data) {
+        assert(data);
+        x = data[0];
+        y = data[1];
+    }
+
+    Vector2::Vector2(float scalar) {
+        x = scalar;
+        y = scalar;
+    }
 }

src/J3ML/LinearAlgebra/Vector3.cpp

@@ -5,8 +5,6 @@
 
 namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra {
 
-
-
     const Vector3 Vector3::Zero     = {0,0,0};
     const Vector3 Vector3::Up       = {0, -1, 0};
     const Vector3 Vector3::Down     = {0, 1, 0};
@@ -322,5 +320,38 @@ namespace J3ML::LinearAlgebra {
         return {std::abs(x), std::abs(y), std::abs(z)};
     }
 
+    float *Vector3::ptr() {
+        return &x;
+    }
+
+    void Vector3::Orthonormalize(Vector3 &a, Vector3 &b) {
+        a = a.Normalize();
+        b = b - b.ProjectToNorm(a);
+        b = b.Normalize();
+    }
+
+    void Vector3::Orthonormalize(Vector3 &a, Vector3 &b, Vector3 &c) {
+        a = a.Normalize();
+        b = b - b.ProjectToNorm(a);
+        b = b.Normalize();
+        c = c - c.ProjectToNorm(a);
+        c = c - c.ProjectToNorm(b);
+        c = c.Normalize();
+    }
+
+    Vector3 Vector3::ProjectToNorm(const Vector3 &direction) const {
+        return direction * this->Dot(direction);
+    }
+
+    bool Vector3::IsFinite() const {
+        return std::isfinite(x) && std::isfinite(y) && std::isfinite(z);
+    }
+
+    Vector3::Vector3(const float *data) {
+        x = data[0];
+        y = data[1];
+        z = data[2];
+    }
+
 
 }